Improvement in oil stoves or lamps



E. BLAGKMAN. Oil-Stove or Lamp.

No. 197,313. Patented Nov. 2o, 1877.

NJTERS. PHOTOMTHCGRAPNER, WSHINGON. D C4 .spending 1parts nallthe figures. V y A .designates fthe `oil fount or reservoir of A" Y my improvedfsltoyeand lamp. .jIt vmay be :off

- .anysuitableformjV :but when ift istoeform parti APA'rnur nenn-nnen nLncKMAn, .on NEW "ro-RK, N, Y.

,Specification formingpart of Letters Paten-t No. 197,318, dated NovemberQO, 18771; application filed October 23, 1877.

To .al-'l whom it may concern a i 4Beit knownthat LIEnnNnznn BgLAcKMAN, f

jof the city, county, and State' of New York,

have invented certainnew and usefuldmprovej ments in Oil 'Stoves or Lamps, ,of which the f following lisa specification The object ofthe presentinvention isto'produce fa, strong',y durable, and compact oil stove or flamp, whichshall be safer and susceptible of maintaining a greater heatv than vthose com i monly used.

f `Ifemploywickadjusngjmechanismarranged Iin the oil fount or reservoir, and consisting ,of pivotedjaws adapted to embrace the wick, A

to be raised and lowered as well asopened and brought together, to release andembrace fthe'` .by means of devices extending' 'outside *,thefsaidfount or reservoir., and .'Iemploy anj annular wick-tube and deilectors fordirectin g Q upon theinside andoutside of a flame isz suing .from saidwick-tube, all as be here` ,inafter explained.

In vthe `accompany'ng drawings, `Figure 1, is ,Q a central vertical ,section of an-oil lstove and;

Similar l"letters o'i reference designate corre` of La fs'tove Vfit lis4 preferably made cylindrical, i

- Tand maybe advantageously :castin iron, with supportngdegs c. It is shownashaving at "thelupperportionaninternal shoulder orledge, J), upon which resfts,and maybe secured, by'

'cement or otherwise, a cap-plate or disklike c )ver.E, audit is` shown as hating abone said Q shoulder or lledge an upwardly-extending rim, I

`.0. If desirable, water maybe introduced, `within this c, andabovejthecapfpiecc or g cover B., to preclude the heating rof' the oill ":tountor' reservoir-itc a dangerous extent 'ibut g as .I `ihave arranged my draft-inducing appa- "ratus Asoithat currents of @cool air co.nstantlyv ,pass over all lparts of the gfountor-reservoir use of water will be found unnecessary. -G is a tiling-mouth, shown as arranged on the cappiece ,B of the oil fount; orre'servoir, and as provided with -a perforated :screw-cap, D, ca-

pable of being removed at pleasure.

In'this example of my invention I use a wick-tube of .annular formcomposed of an inner circular part, E, and an outer circular part, F, the wick W being placed the annular space between them. The part E may, to insurel strength and rigidity, befcast with the o'il -fount or reservoir A, and, as shown, it extends upward from the bcttomthereof, is open from end to end, and; forms `a flue through which a draft of air entering under the oil fount or Ireservoirmay be induced to the inner side of a dame issuing aronndifts upper end.

The outer part F is Vshown :as cast with the cap-,piece or cover B, and entends to about the same height Vas the inner part E. Preferably at the base of this -outer gpart Foi' the wicktube, I provide an annularchamber, .G, communicating with the oil fountor reservoir, and of sufficient size to recei-Ye. within lit the mech- Vanismfor adjusting the wick, so that, without increasing the depth or height :of the entire oil reservoir or fount, abundant provision is afforded for the upward movement of `the Wickadjus'ting mechanism nin raising the wick.

The wick-adj usting mechanism which I -have .illustrated consists of two semicircular jaws,

H, embracing the inner 4part Eof the wicktube, ,and provided, preferably'near the top, with 'teeth d, for engagingewith the wick W. `These jaws H are pivoted at `oneend, so that they may be opened or spreadapart'to'release their hold on 'the wick,:and I lhave shown them both pivoted to a stock-piece, I, under a bridge, J. At their freezends they are provided with a spring, S, which draws Athem to `gether around the wick when not otherwise actuated.

K designates a screw engaging with 4the stock-piece I or its bridge Lorboth. It is shown as extending through :the oil fount or reservoir A from the cap-pieceor cover, passa ing through thejaws H,.`:s0 'as '-to form 'their pivot, and fitting in a stepbearmgm-thebot tom of Ithe said fount or reservoir. ABy turning 'this screw in one `directionor the other,

which ,are adjacent `to the llame, Ifthink the; 'the stock-piece and the-jawsmay be raised or lowered, and thus the wick Wmay be adjusted. Preferably, the stock-piece is provided with arms e, bearing against the interior of the oil fount or reservoir, so as to preclude the screw from turning in the said stock-piece sidewise, and thereby causing either jaw H of the wickadjusting mechanism to bear with undue force upon the wick and bind it on the inner part Eof the wick-tube. It will be seen that the jaws H of the wick-adjusting mechanism may be raised into the chamber G, and hence the advantages of this chamber will be appreciated.

I desire to call special attention to the arrangement of the entire wick-adjusting mechanism within the oil fount or reservoir. The object of this is to increase the safety of the stove or lamp, by avoiding all opportunity for the llame or iire to extend into the fount or reservoir through any opening for the accommodation of the said mechanism. It is obvious that the opening through which a rotary shaft like the screw K passes may be more eiectually packed than slots which are requisite for the wick-adjusting mechanism ordinarily used.

Any suitable means for manipulating the screw K in order to raise or lower the jaws H of the wick-adjusting mechanism may be employed. I have shown for this purpose a hand-wheel, L, on a counter-shaft, M, transmittin g motion to the screw K through bevelwheels N; but, if desirable, a hand-wheel may, in lieu of this, be arranged directly on the shank of the screw K, as shown by the dotted lines at f in Fig. 1, as it will not become suiciently heated to burn the fingers.

0 designates a device for spreading or opening the jaws H of the feeding mechanism to release them from the wick, in order that they may be depressed to take hold of the wick lower down. This device consists of a rod itting in bearings in the bottom of the oil fount or reservoir A, and in its cap-piece or cover B, and ilattened where it passes between the jaws H. By turning this rod in one direction it iits between the jaws H without disturbing them; but by turning it in the other direction it obtrudes itself between them, so as to force them away from the wick, as shown bythe dotted outline in Fig. 2. When the wick becomes so burned away that it cannot be raised any higher by the wickadjusting mechanism, the jaws H of the latter are released from the wick by turning the rod O by the lever P, and they are then depressed by turning the screw K, and subsequently released from the rod O, so that the spring S may cause them to embrace the wick lower down. Then the wick may be raised higher by raising the jaws H through the screw K.

Q R (see Fig. l) designate two deilectors, the former of which is arranged within the part E of the wick-tube so as vto direct air to the inner side of the wick, and the latter of which surrounds the outer part F of the wicktube so as to direct air to the outer side of the wick. The deflector Q is of an inverted conoidal form, and supported on a rod, T, which is shown as fitting in a screw-socket, U, in a bridge or cross-piece, Z, so that it may be adjusted vertically, at pleasure. If preferable, however, the rod T may be fixed, and this deector may be adjusted upon it by means of screw-threads. The deiiector B is shown as resting upon the top of the chamber G, in the cap-piece or cover B, and it is contracted inwardly nearly opposite the top of the wick, and provided with an upwardly and outwardly extending flange or inverted conical portion, V. This defiector R and its ilangeVare very much like the holder or base for which United States Letters Patent No. 123,325 were granted to me, on the 6th day of February, 1872, but the lower part of the deilector R is perforated to serve as an air-distributer, through which air may pass to the tip of the wick.' Instead of perforating the deiiector B, it may be supported on an ordinary air-distributer. When my improvements are embodied in a lamp for heating purposes, the deilector R andits ilange V may be made of sheet metal, but when said improvements are embodied in a lamp for illuminating purposes, the said defiector allld flange may advantageously be made of g ass.

By detted lines X in Fig., 1, I have illustrated that a cone-shaped concentrator may be arranged on the ilange V of the deiector R to direct the heated products of combustion to the bottom of a kettle or like article supported above it.

The means for supporting articles above the stove or lamp may be of any suitable kind. Those I have shown consist of a ring or annular plate, Y, erected on standards resting on the oil fount or reservoir A.

The device shown in Fig. 3 is a cap, of sheet metal or other material, adapted to fit within the inner part E of the wick-tube, and perforated, so that air may be directed by it upon the inner side of the wick. This may be preferable to the deiiector Q for some purposes. A

It will be seen that by my invention I have produced a very simple, compact, and safe lamp or stove, wherein the wick may be conveniently adjusted, and yet all danger of communicatin g fire from the flame tothe oil-fount or reservoir avoided andthat, owingto the abundant drafts of air provided for, and the arrangement of the deectors close to the point of combustion,a very intense heat may be obtained.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, in a stove or lamp, of wick-adj ustin g mechanism arranged in the oil fount or reservoir, and adapted to move with the wick in adjustingit, and adapted to be operated from outside the oil fount or reservoir to release its hold on the wick and take hold of a different portion, substantially as speciied.

2. The combination, with the oil fount or resmechanism consisting Vof jaws providedwith teeth for engaging with the wick,andadapted to be opened for vspread apart. tolreiease Athe wick, or brought vinto proximityzwithr each other to` embrace the' wick, 'substantially as specified. l f

' f 3. The combination,withthe oii fountor res- A ervoir of a stove or lamp, of jaws adapted to embrace the wick,fand a screw-shaft adapted g yto'be manipulated outside the fount or reservoir for the purposefof raising or lowering said jaws, substantially as and forv the puri poses; specified.

Y opening and closing, said jaws from outside the` said fount or reservoir, substantially as specified. i i' j f 5. The combinatiomiwith the oil fount or reservoir of a stove orlamp, ofjawsadaptedto embrace the wick, and pivoted together at one end, a spring connecting said jaws at their free ends, and a device for spreading or ope'ning said jaws, substantially as and for the purpose specified. y

6. The combination, in an oil-,stove or lamp with jaws pivoted together, yand vadapted to embrace the wick, of a stock-.piece for .supporting said jaws, substantially,asspecied 7. The combination of the oil fount or reservoir A, its cap-piece or cover B,- wick-tube E F, wick-adjusting jaws H, with their. spring S, elevating-screw K, and spreading or opening rod O, and the deiiectors1 QLR, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

EBENEZER BLAGKMAN. Witnesses: j

EDWIN H. BROWN, CHANDLER HALL. 

